Contact Lens related Microbial Keratitis (CLMK) is the most serious complication seen in contact lens wearers. It’s a vision-threatening infection whose early diagnosis is difficult due to its variable and often subtle presentation.
It is characterized by infection of the corneal epithelium and stroma by bacterial, fungal or parasitic organisms. Delayed evaluation would lead to corneal ulceration and irreversible vision loss later in life.
Incidence
Although less frequent, it has estimated annual incidence of 2–4 cases per 10,000 contact lens wearers.
Clinical Presentation
- Eye pain
- Photophobia (light intolerance)
- Diminished vision
- Purulent discharge
Risk factors
- Overnight or extended wear of contact lens
- Exposure of contact lenses to water
- Poor hygiene practices
- Failure to adhere to recommended replacement schedules
Prevention
- Washing and drying hands before handling lenses
- Replacing disinfecting solution daily
- Air drying contact lens storage cases between uses
- Replacing storage cases at least every three months to reduce microbial contamination
- Removing contact lenses before swimming or showering
- Following up with an eye care professional on a regular basis to detect early complications
Warning Symptoms to look for
If lens wearers experience persistent redness, increasing discomfort, photophobia, discharge, visual change or symptoms following water exposure; they must immediately discontinue wearing lens and consult their ophthalmologist.
Key Takeaway
Contact lens use is widespread and continues to increase globally, making contact lens-related complications a common presentation in clinical practice.
Early recognition of CLMK is a major challenge. Addressing this challenge requires patient education on contact lens hygiene and warning signs.
Source: Contact Lens-Associated Ocular Surface and Corneal Disorders
What are the other contact lens-related complications? Mention how those complications can be managed.
MBH/PS