Menopause is the natural stage in a woman’s life when her menstrual periods stop permanently, and she can no longer become pregnant. It usually occurs around 45–55 years of age, but timing can vary.
Menopause is diagnosed after a woman has gone 12 consecutive months without a period.
Causes
- Menopause happens because the ovaries gradually stop producing eggs.
- Hormone levels, especially estrogen and progesterone, drops leading to the symptoms and effects.
Effects of Menopause
-
Physical Effects
• Hot flashes
• Night sweats
• Irregular periods before they stop.
• Vaginal dryness
• Urinary issues and increased risk of infections.
• Sleep disturbances
• Changes in hair and skin -
Emotional & Cognitive Effects
• Mood swings, irritability, anxiety, or depression.
• Difficulty concentrating or memory lapses. -
Long-Term Health Effects
• Bone loss (osteoporosis)
• Higher risk of heart disease.
• Weight changes.
• Cholesterol changes i.e, LDL cholesterol may rise.
Management & Tips
- Balanced diet, regular exercise, enough sleep.
- Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) can relieve severe symptoms (doctor-prescribed).
- Vaginal moisturisers or lubricants.
- Stress management like Yoga, meditation, counseling.
“What lifestyle changes can help reduce menopausal symptoms?”
MBH/PS