It is a Medical sign characterized by a rounded, puffy, full face caused by fat deposition and fluid retention. It mostly triggered by the high level of stress hormone (cortisol) or long term use of corticosteroid Medication.
Causes of Moon Face:
• corticosteroid medications: Conditions like asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases,rheumatic arthritis and autoimmune conditions corticosteroids used for treatment which eventually leads moon face.
• cushing syndrome: In this condition cortisol levels are high mostly due pathology of adrenal gland or pituitary gland.
• other hormonal conditions: Hypothyroidism and PCOS
Clinical Features:
• Round face due to full cheeks
• The face skin may appear red and flushed
• Extra fat may also deposit around the upper back causing buffalo hump appearance.
Diagnosis:
• Detailed medical history
• Review of steroid medication use
• Physical examination
• Blood cortisol levels
• Imaging studies (MRI or CT) if endocrine disorders are suspected
Treatments:
• If patient is on corticosteriod medication then low dose should be given but not stop the medication abruptly.
2. Treat endocrine disorders such as Cushing’s syndrome or hypothyroidism if present.
3. Good diet and physical exercise should advice.
4. Reduce excess salt intake if fluid retention is cause of moon face.
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