Poland Syndrome
โขIt can cause breast hypoplasia, which means the breast may be underdeveloped or absent.
โขItโs a rare congenital disorder that affects the chest, shoulder, arm, and hand.
โขSymptoms:
-Hypoplasia or absence of the breast or nipple.
-Scarcity of subcutaneous tissue.
-Absence of the costosternal portion of the pectoralis major muscle.
-Absence of the pectoralis minor muscle
-Aplasia or deformity of the costal cartilages or ribs.
-Alopecia of the axillary and mammary region.
โขTreatment:
-Breast reconstruction- Tissue expansion can be used to stretch the contracted skin and potentially lower the raised nipple
-A latissimus muscle flap can be used with or without a permanent implant to reconstruct the breast.
-Lipo modelling can be used to correct breast and chest wall deformities.
โขOther features:
-Missing or underdeveloped muscles on one side of the body.
-Abnormal ribs that sometimes can lead to breathing problems.
-Hand abnormalities such as short or fused fingers.
-Shortened forearm bones.
-Heart, lung, or kidney problems.