Patient with a chronic cough and hemoptysis : A Clinical Case

MBBS
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A 60-year-old male presents with a 4-month history of chronic cough and intermittent episodes of hemoptysis (blood in sputum). He also complains of weight loss, fatigue, and night sweats. He has a 35-pack-year smoking history and works as a stone quarry laborer. There is no history of recent infections or anticoagulant use.

what can be the differential diagnosis and how will you manage this patient.

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Differential diagnosis:-

  1. Squamous cell lung cancer
  2. Pulmonary TB
  3. COPD
  4. Bronchiectasis
  5. PE

Diagnosis can be done :-

  1. history and physical examination
  2. CBC
  3. ESR and CRP for inflammation
  4. Sputum analysis and culture
  5. Imaging by X Ray and CT
  6. Lung function test
  7. Biopsy
  8. TB test

Management:-

  1. Supportive case with oxygenation
  2. Cancer and TB management
  3. Lifestyle changes
  4. Follow up
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What does general exam reveal?