Major complications of diabetes mellitus

General
1

There are two types of complications

  1. MICROVASCULAR COMPLICATIONS
  2. MICROVASCULAR COMPLICATIONS

*MICROVASCULAR COMPLICATIONS

EYE

High blood glucose and high blood pressure can damage eye blood vessels, causing retinopathy, cataracts and glaucoma

KIDNEY

High blood pressure damages small blood vessels and excess blood glucose overworks the kidneys, resulting in nephropathy.

NEUROPATHY

Hyperglycemia damages nerves in the peripheral aus system. This may result in pain and/or Feet wounds may undetected, get infected and lead to gangrene.

MICROVASCULAR COMPLICATIONS

BRIAN

Increased risk of stroke and cerebrovascular disease, including transient ischemic attack, cognitive impairment, etc.

HEART

High blood pressure and insulin resistance increase risk of coronary heart disease

EXTREMITIES

Peripheral vascular disease results from narrowing of blood vessels increasing the risk for reduced or lack of blood flow in legs. Feet wounds are likely to heal slowly contributing to gangrene and other complications.

2

Some major complications of diabetes mellitus are :

  1. Cardiovascular disease: Increased risk of heart attacks, strokes, and peripheral artery disease.
  2. Nephropathy (Kidney damage): Potential for kidney failure or dialysis.
  3. Neuropathy (Nerve damage): Numbness, tingling, and pain in hands and feet.
  4. Retinopathy (Eye damage): Potential for vision loss or blindness.
  5. Foot damage: Ulcers, infections, and potential amputations.
  6. Cognitive impairment: Increased risk of dementia and cognitive decline.
  7. Increased risk of infections: Due to impaired immune function.

These complications can be managed or prevented with proper diabetes care and regular monitoring.