Tuberculosis is a bacterial disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It was discovered by Robert Koch in March 1882. Hence, March 24, 2026, is observed as World Tuberculosis Day.
Tuberculosis, also called TB, has been prevalent in India for ages. It is common in crowded areas. It is a droplet infection that spreads through the cough, sneeze, and spit of an infected individual. It affects patients who are immunocompromised, such as those with HIV.
Symptoms:
- Cough persistent for more than two weeks
- Fever
- Unexplained weight loss
- Hemoptysis (coughing up blood and sputum)
- Fatigue
Tuberculosis is primarily seen in the lungs, but it can affect the spine, brain, lymph nodes, pleura, and other parts of the body.
Based on location: pulmonary or extra-pulmonary
Based on condition: active or latent TB
Based on reaction to drugs: drug-sensitive, monoresistant, polyresistant, multidrug-resistant
World Tuberculosis Day aims to create awareness about the social and economic consequences and the devastating health impact of TB. The theme for 2026 is “Yes, we can end TB: Led by countries, covered by the people.”
Tuberculosis is not a fatal disease, but late diagnosis or failure to take proper treatment can lead to complications. In India, the government has DOTS (Directly Observed Treatment, Short-course) and TB clinics to provide treatment. People with TB should not be neglected and must be attended to with proper care.
https://www.cdc.gov/world-tb-day/index.html
MBH/PS