A urinary tract infection (UTI) is an infection caused by bacteria in any part of the urinary system, which includes the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra.
Causes
Most UTIs are caused by bacteria—especially Escherichia coli (E. coli)—that enter the urinary tract through the urethra and start to multiply in the bladder. Other bacteria, such as Klebsiella and Proteus, as well as fungi in rare cases, can also cause UTIs. Risk factors include being female (shorter urethra), sexual activity, poor hygiene, menopause, urinary catheters, diabetes, and structural problems in the urinary tract.
Symptoms
Symptoms of UTIs can include:
A burning feeling when urinating
Frequent or intense urge to urinate, often with little result
Cloudy, dark, bloody, or foul-smelling urine
Pain or pressure in the lower abdomen or back
Tiredness or shakiness
Fever or chills if the infection reaches the kidneys
In older adults and young children, symptoms can be less specific, such as confusion or bedwetting.
Types of UTI
Cystitis: Infection of the bladder
Urethritis: Infection of the urethra
Pyelonephritis: Infection of the kidneys, which is more serious and can cause back pain, fever, nausea, and vomiting
Diagnosis and Treatment
A UTI is diagnosed with a urine sample to identify bacteria. Most UTIs are treated with antibiotics; completing the full course is important for preventing recurrence and complications. Drinking plenty of water and urinating frequently can also help clear bacteria.
Preventive measures include:
Wiping from front to back after using the toilet
Urinating after sexual activity
Staying well hydrated
According to you what is the most common reason for getting UTI and how to prevent it?
MBH/PS