Superficial thrombophlebitis (STP) of the lower limb is characterized by inflammation and thrombosis of a superficial vein, commonly the great saphenous vein. While often self-limiting, STP can lead to complications such as deep vein thrombosis (DVT) or pulmonary embolism (PE), necessitating appropriate management.
The CALISTO trial demonstrated that fondaparinux 2.5 mg subcutaneously once daily for 45 days significantly reduced the risk of thrombotic complications, including DVT and PE, compared to placebo. This regimen was associated with a low incidence of major bleeding, establishing fondaparinux as an effective treatment for symptomatic STP .
The 2023 European Society for Vascular Surgery (ESVS) guidelines recommend anticoagulation therapy for patients with symptomatic STP, particularly when the thrombus is near the saphenofemoral junction or extends over 5 cm. Fondaparinux is preferred due to its efficacy and safety profile .
In summary, early diagnosis and appropriate anticoagulation therapy are crucial in managing STP to prevent complications and improve patient outcomes.
MBH/AB