Self-medication has become increasingly common due to easy access to over-the-counter drugs, online information, and time constraints.
From a public health viewpoint, this pattern shifts risk from the individual to the population.
Pain relievers, antacids, antibiotics, and allergy medications are commonly used without medical consultation. While these may provide temporary relief, repeated unsupervised use can delay diagnosis, worsen underlying conditions, and lead to harmful drug interactions. The most serious consequence is the contribution of antimicrobial resistance.
The drivers of this trend include busy lifestyles, healthcare access barriers, cost concerns, and the perception that common symptoms do not require medical attention.
Public health responses must strengthen pharmacy regulation, health literacy, and trust in primary healthcare, reducing reliance on self-treatment.