Blood groups are classifications of blood based on the presence of inheritens antigenic substance in our blood
| Blood Group | Antigen on RBC | Antibody in Plasma |
|---|---|---|
| A | A | Anti-B |
| B | B | Anti-A |
| AB | A + B | None |
| O | None | Anti-A + Anti-B |
O-ve is universal donor
AB is universal plasma donor
Rh Type and its incompatibility in Pregnancy
Rh type is an inherited protein ( D antigen) on RBC, designated as +ve if present and – ve if absent,its crucial as Rh-ve individuals can develop antibodies to Rh +ve blood
- First pregnancy is usually safe
- During delivery, abortion or trauma, fatal blood enters mother
- Then mother forms anti-D antibodies
- Next Rh⁺ pregnancy, where antibodies cross placenta
- Baby develops Hemolytic Disease of the Newborn (HDN).
Anti-D Injection -A life saver in critical Rh blood group incidences:
It is given during following conditions
- 28weeks of pregnancy
- Within 72 hrs after delivery
- After abortion / ectopic / trauma
It usually do not harm the baby, it protects future babies
Blood group Testing in Pregnancy
- ABO & Rh typing {during first visit}
- Indirect Coombs test (antibody screen)
- Repeat antibody testing if Rh⁻
- Fetal monitoring if antibodies detected.
All blood looks the same but the science behind them is deeper.
Is blood donation safe? How often a person can donate blood?
MBH/PS