Active Immunity vs Passive Immunity 
Immunity is the body’s defense system against infections. It can be classified into active immunity and passive immunity based on how protection is obtained.
Active Immunity
Active immunity develops when a person’s own immune system produces antibodies after exposure to an antigen (infection or vaccination). The body “learns” to fight the pathogen and forms memory cells for long-term protection. 
Develops naturally (after infection) or artificially (through vaccines)
Long-lasting protection
Memory cells are formed
Takes time to develop
Example: Immunity after chickenpox infection or vaccination.
Passive Immunity
Passive immunity occurs when ready-made antibodies are transferred from another source instead of being produced by the body. 
Immediate protection
Short-term effect
No memory cell formation
Used in emergency situations
Example: Antibodies passed from mother to baby through placenta or injection of antiserum for snake bite.
Key Difference
Active immunity is slow but long-lasting, while passive immunity is immediate but temporary.
Both types are important in protecting the body from diseases and are widely used in medical practice.
MBH/AB