Scientists has found a Carbon dioxide eating bacteria!!
After almost 10 years of work, Ron Milo’s team at the Weizmann Institute in Israel has managed to genetically reprogram E. coli to live entirely off CO₂ instead of sugar.
But how did they do this?
They took regular E. coli a bacteria that naturally feeds on sugars and:
-Added genes that allow it to fix carbon from the air.
-Deleted the genes it needs to process sugar.
-Gave it a new gene so it could use formate (a molecule that can be made using electricity and air) as an energy source.
The bacteria were gradually weaned off sugar step by step, they received only tiny amounts, just enough to keep them alive.
Alongside that, they were exposed to high levels of CO₂ (about 250x what’s in Earth’s atmosphere) and formate , which served as their new energy source.
After nearly 200 days of gradual adaptation, the bacteria underwent a complete trophic mode shift meaning some of them could now rely entirely on CO₂ as their sole carbon source.
To confirm this, the team used a clever trick: they fed the E. coli CO₂ labeled with a heavy carbon isotope (¹³C).
The result?
As the bacteria grew, their increased weight proved that every carbon atom in their bodies came directly from CO₂.